Biotech catalysts on the horizon

The second quarter should bring pivotal data for Karuna and key cardiomyopathy results for Alnylam, while Ionis's eplontersen lags in amyloidosis.

An earlier analysis by Evaluate Vantage concentrated on upcoming big pharma data reveals; here, we look at the clinical results due for biotech companies with a market cap of $1bn and above. 

Pivotal data are expected on Karuna’s schizophrenia project KarXT, and the hope is that it can maintain the effect size seen in an earlier study. Alnylam, meanwhile, is keen to expand Onpattro into cardiomyopathy in amyloidosis. Ionis might be lagging behind with its amyloidosis project eplontersen, with polyneuropathy results due soon, but it has at least secured a big pharma partner. 

Karuna Emerges

KarXT is Karuna’s lead programme. It is a fixed-dose combination of xanomeline, a muscarinic M1/M4 agonist, and trospium chloride, a muscarinic antagonist, an approach designed to reduce peripheral side effects. The therapy performed well in an earlier study, but a phase 3 study will show whether the effect size narrows – a common issue for CNS studies. 

In the phase 3 Emergent-2 trial, 246 patients were given KarXT twice daily versus placebo. The primary endpoint, the change from baseline in positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) total score at week 5, is the same as in the phase 2 Emergent-1 trial.

Emergent-1, which enrolled 182 patients, showed a statistically significant placebo-adjusted 11.6-point mean reduction in total PANSS score at week 5. Between treatment and placebo there were also similar rates of weight gain and somnolence, issues that have plagued older schizophrenia drugs. 

For filing the FDA says Emergent-1 plus a successful phase 3 and additional safety data are needed. A second pivotal study, Emergent-3, is ongoing and data were due in the second half of this year; however, more than half of the trial sites are in Ukraine, leading Karuna to withdraw its previous timing guidance

Despite the setback Karuna should have enough data for a filling as Emergent-5, an ongoing open-label study, is to be upsized and should provide long-term safety and tolerability data.

Amyloidosis

Apollo-B data will see whether Alnylam can move Onpattro, its intravenous RNAi therapy, into cardiomyopathy of transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis. Onpattro is already approved for polyneuropathy, a disorder where amyloid is deposited in the peripheral nerves, but getting a win in cardiomyopathy would open a bigger market. 

The primary endpoint of Apollo-B is the change from baseline in six-minute walk test at 12 months. Sentiment over the endpoint took a hit at the end of last year when Bridgebio’s acoramidis failed on the same measure, with placebo patients performing better than expected.

There are several theories regarding Bridgebio’s failure, including a possible training effect on six-minute walk, and that the study recruited patients with mild disease. Alnylam has said it has minimised the number of screening and baseline assessments to try and combat a potential training effect. 

Results from Apollo-B will read through to Alnylam’s subcutaneous Onpattro follow-on, vutrisiran. This project has a Pdufa date in April for polyneuropathy, and an ongoing cardiomyopathy study, Helios-B, is expected to yield data in 2024.

Another company hoping to make its mark in a crowded amyloidosis space is Ionis. Data on its subcutaneous antisense project eplontersen are due in polyneuropathy. The group struck a partnership in December with Astrazeneca worth $200m up front.

Eplontersen’s own cardiomyopathy data are still a long way off as its Cardio-TTRansform study has a primary completion date in 2024. Here the primary measure is a composite outcome of cardiovascular mortality and CV events, with the six-minute walk test as a secondary. 

The table below contains a fuller list of upcoming catalysts with consensus forecasts from Evaluate Pharma. 

Clinical catalysts in Q2 2022 (excludes Covid-19 data), market cap $1bn+
Project Company  Setting Q2 clinical catalyst 2026e indication sales ($m) Note/Vantage coverage
Cabometyx
+ Opdivo
+ Yervoy
Exelixis/
Ipsen/
Takeda
1L renal cancer Ph3 Cosmic-313 1,962* Label expansion (Liver cancer loss piles the pressure on Exelixis)
Zuranolone
(Sage-217)
Sage/
Biogen/
Shionogi
Postpartum depression Ph3 Skylark mid year 1,620 (SBI not split out) Complete rolling NDA submission in major depressive disorder H2, with PPD filing expected in 2023
Repotrectinib Turning Point NSCLC Topline blinded independent central review data from TKI-naive Ros1+ NSCLC Trident-1 due 2Q 1,026 ORR data on track for Q2, but full durability data may not be fully mature (Triple meeting – early data give and they take away)
KarXT Karuna Schizophrenia Ph3 Emergent-2 mid year 988 See text
Onpattro Alnylam ATTR amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy (wild-type & hereditary) Ph3 Apollo-B topline mid year 765 (approved for polyneuropathy) See text
Ayvakit Blueprint Indolent systemic mastocytosis Ph2 Pioneer registration-enabling Part 2 652* Label expanding, Blueprint believes that a 30% delta vs placebo in total symptoms improvement at 24 wks would represent a clinically meaningful result (Leerink)
GTX-102 Ultragenyx Angelman syndrome Ph1/2 cohorts 4 and 5 in Canada/UK 344 Antisense, previously paused due to safety issue
EDP-938 Enanta RSV (adult) Ph2 topline 323 N-protein inhibitor, expecting lots of RSV vaccine data this year from Pfizer/Glaxo/J&J
Vyvgart (intravenous) Argenx Immune thrombocytopenic purpura Ph3 Advance 305 Approved in myasthenia gravis and subQ expected to be filed by YE (Argenx takes a step towards convenience)
Translarna PTC Therapeutics Duchenne muscular dystrophy caused by nonsense mutations Ph3 Study 041 261 Been turned down by the FDA three times already, refiling expected pending Study 041 data
Eplontersen Ionis/ Astrazeneca Hereditary ATTR amyloidosis polyneuropathy Ph3 Neuro-TTRansform interim analysis mid year 260 (under amyloidosis) See text
CTX110 Crispr B cell malignancies Ph1 Carbon, additional data 243 Anti-CD19 Car-T, concerns over a lack of durability (Crispr’s reminder about allogeneic Car-T redosing)
CTX120 Crispr Multiple myeloma Ph1 topline H1 135 Anti-BCMA Car-T
Troriluzole Biohaven Spinocerebellar ataxia Ph3 Study 206 H1 95 Biohaven’s high-risk bet
PN-943  Protagonist Ulcerative colitis Ph2 Ideal 87 α4β7 integrin antagonist (Protagonist will need more than perseverance to play in bowel disease)
Low-dose Truseltiq
(infigratinib)
Bridgebio Achondroplasia in children aged 3-11 Ph2 Propel 2 mid year 71 FGFR1-3 inhibitor, approved for 2L cholangiocarcinoma (Biomarin's Voxzogo is approved in patients aged ≥5, but data disappointed in younger patients)
CTX130 Crispr Solid tumours and haematologic malignancies Ph1 topline Cobalt-Lym, Cobalt-RCC H1 41 Anti-CD70 Car-T
Bempegaldesleukin +/-
Opdivo/Keytruda
Nektar/Bristol 1L RCC, 1L urothelial cancer Ph3 in 1L RCC + Opdivo vs TKI,
Ph2 Pivot-10 in 1L cisplatin-ineligible urothelial cancer + Opdivo
Failed in melanoma and NSCLC (Time for Nektar to Pivot)
Nirogacestat  Springworks Desmoid tumours Ph3 DeFi Springworks seeks cancer win as a prelude to something bigger
*Already on the market in different treatment line. Source: clinicaltrials.gov, Evaluate Pharma & company releases.

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